Государственно – частное партнерство: дорога в будущее?

Окт 1, 2009 Бизнес и финансы, Политика и власть

Институт развития глобального общества начинает серию публикаций о государственно — частном партнерстве РРР.

What is a PPP in Ireland? 
A PPP is a contractual arrangement between the public and private sectors (consistent with a broad range of possible partnership structures) with clear agreement on shared objectives for the delivery of public infrastructure and/or public services by the private sector that would otherwise have been provided through traditional public sector procurement.

What types of PPP are there?

A variety of PPP procurement options have been utilised, the most common examples being:
Design, Build and Operate (DBO) e.g. Waste Water Projects;
Design, Build, Finance, Operate Maintain (DBFOM) e.g. Bundle of 5 Schools and National Maritime College;
Concession e.g. Toll Roads.

What are the benefits of PPPs?

For appropriate projects, the advantages associated with the «classic» DBFOM PPP arrangement can include:

payments linked to performance over the lifetime of the project;

long term contracts whereby bidders focus on the whole life-cycle cost of projects and not just on the upfront capital costs;

construction times post contract close tend to be faster as the private sector is incentivised to complete the project in order to begin to receive the ongoing regular payments;

private sector innovation and commercial and management expertise;

a contractual framework to allocate risk to the party that can manage it best;

the PPP approach allows for a number of appropriate projects to be developed simultaneously as the capital costs can be spread over the longer term.

Can public bodies in Ireland enter into PPP arrangements with the private sector?

It is widely recognised in countries where PPPs are in use as a public procurement option, that the issue of legal capacity, or vires, of public authorities to enter into PPPs is seen as being crucial to their overall success. The State Authorities (Public Private Partnership Arrangements) Act 2002 is enabling legislation providing this certainty in Ireland.

Which bodies currently have or are developing PPP projects?

The National Roads Authority; the Courts Service; the Department of Education and Science; the Department of Health and Children; the Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism; the Office of Public Works; the Irish Prison Service; the Railway Procurement Agency; the Department of Transport; and the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government. A project tracker is available here listing projects at various stages of the procurement process.

What is the current outlook for the PPP process?

There is now a significant programme of PPP projects underway across a number of sectors. The latest Multi Annual Capital Envelope published with the 2008 Public Capital Programme on 21 February 2008 provides for public capital investment of €56.6 billion over the period 2008—2012. This investment will underpin the delivery of the National Development Plan 2007—2013. It provides for €48.9 billion (86.4%) in Exchequer investment and €7.7 billion (13.6%) in PPP investment funded by future Exchequer payments. In addition the target for PPP’s funded by user charges is €1.6 billion.

There are also a number of PPPs, notably in the water investment area, which will be developed on a Design, Build, Operate basis with the capital cost being funded by the Exchequer.

What role has the National Development Finance Agency (NDFA) in the development of PPPs?

The National Development Finance Agency was established in 2003 under the National Development Finance Agency Act 2002. The role of the NDFA is to advise State Authorities on the optimum means of financing public investment projects in order to achieve value for money and to provide advice in relation to all aspects of financing, refinancing and insurance, including risk analysis, of public investment projects. All PPP projects involving the use of private finance must be referred to the NDFA. In addition, all projects valued at €30 million or above, whether traditional or PPP, must be referred to the NDFA for advice.

In addition to its advisory role, the NDFA has the vires to advance moneys and to enter into other financial arrangements in respect of projects approved by any State authority. To date, the Agency has not exercised the option of raising finance itself.

In July 2005, the role of the NDFA was expanded to include a specialised PPP procurement delivery function. This role was given a statutory basis with the enactment of the National Development Finanace (Amendment) Agency Act 2007. The Act expanded the role of th NDFA to enable it to enter into a PPP arrangement with a view to transferring the rights and obligations under such an arrangement to any State authority;
act as agent for any State authority in connection with the entry or proposed entry by that State authority into a PPP arrangement.

These arrangements do not apply to the roads and rails sectors, where existing procurement arrangements will continue. Similarly, existing arrangements remain in place in the local government sector.

When the NDFA is procuring a PPP project on behalf of a State authority, Sponsoring Ministers continue to be responsible for all aspects of the assessment and approval of the project. The NDFA is responsible for procuring the projects within the parameters set out by the sponsoring Department/Agency. The NDFA hands responsibility for the operational phase of projects over to Departments after construction is complete and the asset is ready for use.

About the Central Unit

Through this site, the Central PPP Policy Unit (see About the Central Unit) aims to provide a central point of access to information about the Public-Private Partnership process in Ireland.

PPP is basically just a different method of procuring public services and infrastructure by combining the best of the public and private sectors with an emphasis on value for money and delivering quality public services.

This site provides direct access to Key Documents, including legislation and central guidance on the PPP process, News on major developments and information on PPP Projects. In addition, we aim to provide contact details for other Department/Agencies active in the PPP process in Ireland, as well as links to our counterparts’ abroad. In order to facilitate our private sector partners, we also provide a list of firms interested in participating in PPP projects (see Company Listing).

Feedback is invited and would be greatly appreciated to enable us to improve the quality and relevance of the website.

About the Central Unit

The role of the Central PPP Unit in the Depatment of Finance is to facilitate the PPP process centrally, by developing the general policy framework (including, where necessary, the legal framework) within which PPPs operate and by providing central guidance to Departments and other State Authorities in that context. A full suite of guidance has been published to facilitate the PPP process and is available on this website in the Key Documents folder. The guidance dovetails with the capital appraisal guidelines that apply to traditionally procured projects but also includes specific technical tools to evaluate PPP proposals and tenders.

The Central PPP Unit also chairs two key groups which are crucial to the effective management of the PPP process: an Inter-departmental Group (IDG) on PPPs representing all public service sectors, whose role is to bring together key decision makers to ensure that there is coherence and consistency across the public service in developing partnership arrangements with the private sector; and a Public/Private Informal Advisory Group (IAG) on PPPs which includes representatives of employers organisations (IBEC), the Trade Union Congress (ICTU) and the construction and engineering sectors (the CIF).

Propositions from IRGO:
For more information you can order Glossary and Guidelines for Documenting Innovative Practices in Pro-Poor Public-Private Partnerships (BROCHURE). Contacts: oirgo@ya.ru

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